In canine diabetes mellitus, what is a key component of initial management?

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Stabilizing the patient with aggressive IV fluid therapy to restore intravascular volume and correct dehydration and electrolyte disturbances is the essential first step in managing canine diabetes mellitus. When a dog is dehydrated, reduced renal perfusion and electrolyte imbalances—especially potassium—make it unsafe to start insulin therapy. Fluids improve perfusion, support organ function, and help normalize glucose handling, creating a safer window to begin insulin treatment. After stabilization and assessment of electrolytes, insulin therapy is initiated to correct hyperglycemia and resolve the underlying metabolic derangements. Oral hypoglycemic agents are usually ineffective in dogs, and managing diet alone doesn’t address the acute dehydration and electrolyte issues.