Which of the following delays wound healing?

• A. Hydration status
• B. Adequate nutrition
• C. Infection
• D. Age appropriate activity

Answer: (C)

Infection delays wound healing because it keeps the wound stuck in a prolonged inflammatory state and actively damages tissue, preventing progression through the normal healing phases. Bacteria in the wound release toxins and proteases that break down the extracellular matrix and impair fibroblast function, collagen synthesis, and new blood vessel formation. They often form biofilms that shield them from the immune system and treatments, so the body’s defenses remain engaged with fighting the infection rather than rebuilding tissue. This increased, ongoing inflammation consumes oxygen and nutrients the healing tissue needs, leading to slower re-epithelialization, reduced granulation, and a higher risk of wound breakdown or chronic wounds.

Good hydration and adequate nutrition support healing by providing fluids, energy, and substrates for collagen production and immune function, while age-appropriate activity helps avoid excessive trauma to the healing tissue. These factors aid recovery rather than impede it, making infection the primary factor among the options that delays healing.